The historic moment of fixed-wing aircraft taking flight from a Japanese battleship has rekindled discussions on Japan’s evolving defense capabilities and its commitment to regional security. On October 3rd, two Marine Corps F-35B Lightning II Joint Strike Fighters successfully launched and landed aboard Japan’s largest cruiser, the JS Izumo (DDH-183), marking a significant milestone in Japan’s naval aviation history.
The JS Izumo, originally designated as an “Izumo-class multipurpose destroyer,” was commissioned in 2015 with the intention of serving various purposes. However, its recent transformation into a platform capable of supporting fixed-wing aircraft operations signifies a shift in Japan’s strategic outlook. Japanese Defense Minister Takeshi Iwaya expressed the desire to utilize these ships to their fullest potential.
The conversion of the Izumo-class ships into mini-carriers, capable of carrying more than 12 F-35 stealth fighters, underscores Japan’s commitment to enhancing its maritime defense capabilities. The move is strategically vital, considering the evolving security challenges in the Asia-Pacific region.
The decision to modify the Izumo-class ships for fixed-wing aircraft operations was not without challenges. These ships were originally designed to accommodate helicopters, and their relatively smaller size posed concerns about their suitability for hosting fixed-wing aircraft. To address this, Japan had to undertake extensive training for pilots, deck crews, and maintenance personnel to handle the unique challenges of operating aircraft on a carrier.
Additionally, Japan’s post-World War II constitution has long been interpreted as prohibiting the country from owning an aircraft carrier or engaging in aggressive military activities. To circumvent this restriction, Japan labeled these ships as “helicopter destroyers” initially. Still, their current transformation into carriers raises questions about Japan’s adherence to its constitutional principles.
The F-35B Lightning II Joint Strike Fighter, capable of short take-offs and vertical landings, plays a pivotal role in this endeavor. The recent deployment of these aircraft on the JS Izumo signifies Japan’s commitment to deploying F-35B aircraft aboard the Izumo and its sister ship, the Kaga, in the coming years.
The JS Izumo boasts impressive specifications, measuring 248 meters in length, 38 meters in width, and having a displacement of 27,000 tons at full load. With a top speed exceeding 30 knots and the capacity to carry up to 28 aircraft, it is now viewed as more than just a “helicopter destroyer.”
Currently stationed at the port of Iwakuni in Yamaguchi Prefecture, where a U.S. Marine and Navy aviation unit is also located, the Izumo’s deck has undergone upgrades to accommodate F-35B vertical landings. The entire renovation of the Izumo class is expected to conclude by 2026, with similar modifications being carried out on the Kaga.
Japan’s ambitious plan to acquire 157 F-35 aircraft, including 42 F-35Bs, reflects its commitment to modernizing its defense capabilities. Contracts have already been signed for the first eight, with deliveries expected in fiscal 2024.
In conclusion, Japan’s transformation of the JS Izumo into a platform capable of supporting fixed-wing aircraft operations marks a significant development in the country’s defense capabilities. While it raises constitutional and regional security considerations, it underscores Japan’s commitment to adapt to evolving security challenges in the Asia-Pacific region. The JS Izumo, now seen as a small aircraft carrier, symbolizes Japan’s determination to play a more active role in maintaining regional stability and security.
